激光熔覆系统能耗建模分析方法研究

摘要

针对增材制造过程耗能机理复杂和能耗难以预测的问题,开展激光熔覆系统能耗建模分析方法的研究.根据激光熔覆系统的工作原理及能耗特性,将其分为激光发生器系统、冷却系统、机械臂控制柜、送粉系统以及辅助系统等5部分,通过理论分析和实验规律研究得到各部分能耗模型及系统整机能耗模型.最后通过316L不锈钢试件的激光熔覆实验对能耗模型和比能耗进行分析,结果表明,能耗和比能耗的预测结果与实验测量结果误差分别为1.37%和2.17%,从而验证了模型的准确性和有效性.该模型可用于激光熔覆系统能耗预测、工艺路线改善,实现绿色发展等,所提方法也可为其他增材制造技术相关能耗研究提供参考.%Aiming at the problem that the energy consumption mechanism of additive manufacturing process is complex and the energy consumption is difficult to predict,the energy consumption modeling analysis method of laser cladding system is studied.According to the working principles and characteristics of energy consumption,the laser cladding system is divided into five subsystems:laser generator system,cooling system,mechanical arm control cabinet,powder feeding system and auxiliary system.Each subsystem energy consumption model is obtained by theoretical analysis and experimental studies.The total energy consumption model can be obtained by aggregating the five subsystem energy consumption models.Then the experiment of processing a 316L stainless steel specimen is conducted as an illustrative example.The energy consumption model and the specific energy consumption are analyzed.The results show that the errors of the energy consumption and the specific energy consumption between predictive values and real measure values are 1.37% and 2.17% respectively,which verify the validity of the model.The model can be used for predicting laser cladding system energy consumption,improving process routes,and implementing the green development.Also,the proposed approach can provide reference for studying energy consumption issues of other additive manufacturing technologies.