过氧乙酸对池塘水体的增氧抑菌抑藻效果研究

摘要

The amount of dissolved oxygen released by acetic acid peroxide (15％) was measured in pond water and distilled water by a dissolved oxygen meter at water temperature of 10,20 and 30 ℃ and bacteriostatic efficacy of acetic acid peroxide and the other 3 conventional bactericides for six common aquatic pathogenic bacteria including Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Ⅴ.alginolyticus,Aeromonas veronii,A.hydrophila,Staphylococcus warneri,and S.saprophyticuswas studied by filter method and double dilution method to search a suitable algae inhibiting preparation with oxygenation,and antimicrobial activity.The results showed that the higher the temperature was,the more rapidly the dissolved oxygen released,with decrease in oxygen saturation and measured values as the elevated temperature.The sterilization order of the acetic acid peroxide and the other 3 conventional bactericides was ranged as enrofloxacin＞ acetic acid peroxide＞povidone lodine＞potassium permanganate.An algal inhibition test revealed that alga Tribonema collected from aquaculture ponds appeared to be broken and to be decrease in chlorophyll a content,significantly lower chlorophyll a content than that in the control group (P＜0.05),as high concentration of acetic acid peroxide was added into the test tanks.There were higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) first and then decrease in the alga exposed to various levels of acetic acid peroxide,indicating that the alga was damaged by acetic acid peroxide,even mortality.The findings indicate that acetic acid peroxide can be used in oxygenation,antimicrobial activity and algal control in aquaculture.%为寻找一种既安全可靠,又能增加水体溶氧、杀灭水体病原菌并改善水体环境的抑藻试剂,用多功能水质分析仪检测在10、20、30℃条件下,过氧乙酸(体积分数为15％)在池塘水和蒸馏水中的放氧效果.结果表明:温度越高放氧越快,但温度越高氧气的饱和量越低,气体外溢,故测出的溶解氧浓度数值较低;采用滤纸片法和二倍稀释法测定过氧乙酸和3种常用杀菌剂对6种常见水产病原菌(副溶血弧菌、维氏气单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌、溶藻弧菌、沃氏葡萄球菌和腐生葡萄球菌)的抑菌效果,结果显示,抑菌效果依次为恩诺沙星＞过氧乙酸＞聚维酮碘＞高锰酸钾;对暂养的黄丝藻藻华进行毒杀,结果显示,随着时间的延长,加入高浓度过氧乙酸的试验组水体开始混浊,藻丝体开始断裂,叶绿素a含量减少;各时段下,过氧乙酸浓度组叶绿素a含量明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),随着时间的延长各浓度组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈先增长后下降的趋势,说明黄丝藻藻丝体受到了过氧乙酸的破坏,开始解体甚至死亡.研究表明,在水产养殖池塘中使用过氧乙酸,增氧、抑菌、抑藻效果明显.