光色对中华绒螯蟹幼体诱集与仔蟹摄食的影响

摘要

Chinese mitten hand crab Eriocheir sinensis larvae and juveniles were reared in a tank made by authors under various light colors including blue ( 446-493 nm ) , green ( 502-579 nm ) , yellow ( 586-600 nm ) , red (620-644 nm) and white (440-637 nm) at water temperature of 17. 3-19. 1℃ to investigate effects of color light on aggregation of the larvae and food intake of the juveniles. The results showed that the larvae from zoeaIIto zoea Ⅴ and megalopa had very significantly higher aggregation under blue light than under the other color light ( P<0. 01). The maximal megalopa (1097 individuals) in number were captured by a 1 L collector under blue light in an outdoor earthen pond, significantly higher than those under the green light (629 individuals) (P<0. 05), and very significantly higher than under white light (253 individuals) , red light (121 individuals) and yellow light (35 individuals) (P<0. 01). Observation of feeding activity revealed that there was no significant difference in food in-take in the crab juveniles among all color light groups(P>0. 05), even though higher in day time than in night time (P>0. 05).%为揭示不同发育阶段中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis对光照颜色的行为反应,探究蟹类颜色视觉的特征,采用自制的试验装置,研究了蓝光(波长446~493 nm)、绿光(波长502~579 nm)、黄光(波长586~600 nm)、红光(波长620~644 nm)、白光(波长440~637 nm)对中华绒螯蟹Ⅱ~Ⅴ期溞状幼体与大眼幼体的诱集效果,以及对仔蟹摄食的影响。结果表明：在室内试验装置中,Ⅱ~Ⅴ期溞状幼体和大眼幼体在蓝光下的分布率最高,极显著高于其他光照组(P<0.01),各期幼体在绿光下的分布率也不同程度地高于其他光照组；在室外土池中,采用容积为1L的捕苗器,在蓝光下捕获大眼幼体的数量最多,为1097尾,极显著高于白光组(253尾)、红光组(121尾)和黄光组(35尾)(P<0.01),显著高于绿光组(629尾)(P<0.05)；24 h内各光色组中仔蟹的昼夜摄食量结果显示,各组仔蟹的日摄食量无显著性差异(P>0.05),白天摄食量平均值高于夜晚,但差异并不显著(P>0.05)。