目的：回顾性调查胎膜早破（ premature rupture of membrane，PROM）在大样本孕妇人群中发病情况，为深入了解该病特点及协助孕期管控提供依据。方法选取2544例孕妇进行回顾性分析，采集孕妇人口学特征、孕产史、孕期维生素服用情况及孕期患病情况，以不同条件分组，统计各组PROM发病率，分析PROM发生的潜在危险因素。结果（1）2544例孕妇，发生PROM共392例，发生率为15．4％；（2）受教育程度低、孕期被动吸烟、孕期发生泌尿生殖道感染、孕期合并或并发糖尿病以及孕期服用复合维生素时间较长的孕妇PROM发生率显著升高（ P＜0．05）；（3）随年龄和流产次数增加，PROM发生率呈升高趋势（ P＜0．05）。结论高龄、学历低、多次流产史、被动吸烟、泌尿生殖道感染、孕期糖尿病以及孕期服用复合维生素时间长可能是孕妇发生PROM的危险因素；孕期服用复合维生素与PROM发生的关系值得进一步研究。%Objective To survey the incidence of premature rupture of membrane ( PROM) in a large sample of pregnant women to provide a basis for further understanding the disease and its clinical treatment.Methods We enrolled 2544 preg-nant women in the study and conducted a retrospective analysis.Demographic characteristics were investigated.Potential risk factors were analyzed.Results ( 1 ) In 2544 pregnant women, 392 patients had PROM with an incidence rate of 15.4%.(2) Mothers with lower education and urinary and reproductive system infection, exposed to passive smoking, complicated with diabetes mellitus and taking vitamin compound preparations for relatively long time during pregnancy had significantly higher incidence of PROM (P<0.05).(3) Incidence of PROM increased with maternal age and times of a-bortion (P<0.05).Conclusions Some demographic characteristics, repeated abortion history and some adverse events during pregnancy are associated with risk of PROM.The relationship between intake of vitamin compound preparations and PROM is worth to be studied further.
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