目的 研究垂体后叶素对咯血患者血钠的影响.方法 应用垂体后叶素止血的咯血患者40例.垂体后叶素的用量为3～5 U稀释后缓慢静脉推注,之后6～12 U+0.9%氯化钠注射液250 ml缓慢静脉滴注,止血后继续应用12～24 h后停药.同时治疗原发病.结果 40例中12例出现低钠血症,其中有症状7例.有症状患者应用垂体后叶素前血钠值(142±3.26)mmol/L,用后为(123±4.69) mmol/L,两者相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).经治疗后血钠均恢复正常,除一例遗留构音障碍外,余无后遗症.结论 对使用垂体后叶素止血的咯血患者,要监测血钠,及时发现及处理低钠血症.%Objective To analyze the effects of pituitrin on serum sodium levels in the patients with hemoptysis. Methods The clinical data from the patients with hemoptysis receiving pituitrin were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The initial dose of pituitrin 3 ~5 U in 20 ml of 0. 9% sodium chloride was given by slowly intravenous push, and than pituitrin 6~12 U in 250 ml of 0. 9% sodium chloride was given by intravenous infusion. After bleeding cessation, pituitrin was discontinued after 12~24 hours. Results A total of 40 patients with hemoptysis received pituitrin. Hyponatremia occurred in twelve patients. Seven of them showed clinical presentations. Nause-a, vomiting and losing one' s appetite occurred in four cases, fatigue occurred in one case, lethargy occurred in one case and hyperspas-mia, coma occurred in one case. The seven patients serum sodium levels decreased from( 142 ±3. 26 ) mmol/L( on admission) to ( 123 ± 4. 69 ) mmol/L ( P < 0. 05 ). After symptomatic treatment, all patients except one with slurred speech recovered. Conclusion The patients' serum sodium levels should be closely monitored during treatment of hemoptysis with pituitrin. Once hyponatremia occurs, pituitrin should be discontinued and the symptomatic treatment should be given.
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