下呼吸道感染菌种分布及耐药性分析

摘要

目的 研究本地区发生下呼吸道感染病原体菌种分布及常用抗生素的耐药情况.方法 分析我院痰培养标本菌株鉴定及药敏分析结果.结果 G-杆菌分离425株(54.1%),以铜绿假单胞菌(22.1%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(17.5%)为主,G+球菌分离361株(45.9%),以金黄色葡萄球菌(21.4%)、肺炎链球菌(10.1%)为主;金黄色葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林株分离103株(61.3%),凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林株检出8株(38.1%),肺炎克雷伯菌产β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)19株(41.3%);大肠埃希菌产β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)12株(1.6%);头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南对G-杆菌有较好敏感性;替考拉宁、万古霉素、磷霉素对G+球菌有较好敏感性.结论 下呼吸道感染菌种分布及耐药性研究对临床合理使用抗生素,减少耐药菌株的有重要的临床意义.%Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection pathogen at local areas. Methods The results of sputum culture specimen strain identification and antibiotic susceptibility were retrospectively analyzed. Results 425 strains were G- coli ( 54. 1 % ), which mainly included 22. 1 % of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 17. 5% of Bauman Acinetobacter. 361 strains were G + staphylococci ( 45. 9% ), which mostly were 21. 4% of staphylococcus aureus and 10. 1 % of streptococcus pneumoni-a. 61. 3% of staphylococcus aureus ( 103 strains ) and 38. 1% of coagulase negative staphylococcus aureus ( 8 strains ) showed a resistance to methicillin. Bacillus G- had a better sensitivity to sulbactam and imipenem, and G+ aureus showed a better sensitivity to vanco-mycin, teicoplanin, and fosfomycin. Conclusion The study of distribution and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection has an important clinical significance on clinical rational use of antibiotics and decrease of the resistance strains.