我院老年患者呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌分布及药敏分析

摘要

Objective To study the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogens in elder patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia ( VAP ) in order to guide the clinical use of antibiotics. Methods The clinical data of 100 VAP patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 224 strains was isolated, which included 68. 3% of Gram-negative ( G- ) bacteria, 24. 1% of Gram-positive ( G+ ) bacteria and 7.6% of fungi. The G- bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 24. 18% ), Acinetobacter baumannii ( 18. 95% ), Klebsiella pneumonia t 17. 65% ), and Escherichia coli ( 11. 76% ). The G+ bacteria mainly consisted of Staphylococcus aureus ( 62. 96% ). Fungi was mostly made up of Candida albicans ( 64. 7% ). The pathogen strains were commonly resistant to the antibiotics while G+ bacteria were sensitive to imipenem and polymyxin B and G- bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Conclusion G- bacteria are the most common bacteria in elderly VAP patients and the strains show a general resistance to the common drugs.%目的 研究我院老年住院患者呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)的病原菌分布及其药物敏感性,对临床用药进行指导.方法 对我院收治的100例确诊为呼吸机相关性肺炎患者的临床资料进行分析.结果 100例VAP患者共分离224株菌株,病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,共153株(68.3%),革兰氏阳性54株(24.1%),真菌17株(7.6%).革兰氏阴性菌中以铜绿假单胞菌(24.18%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(18.95%)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌(17.65%)、大肠埃希菌(11.76%)为主;革兰氏阳性菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌(62.96%)为主;真菌以白色念珠菌最多(64.7%).病原菌普遍耐药,革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、多粘菌素B较敏感,革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感.结论 我院老年患者呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,病原菌耐药性普遍严重.