目的 探讨耳鼻喉科手术患者术后感染病原菌分布情况及其耐药性.方法 选取486例耳鼻喉科手术患者为研究对象,统计其手术后感染发生情况,并对感染的病原菌分布情况及其耐药性监测情况进行统计和分析.结果 本组患者发生感染62例,感染率12 .76%.感染部位为呼吸系统占58 .06%,泌尿系统占22 .58%,消化系统占11 .29%,其他部分占8 .06%.感染患者共检出病原菌68株,革兰阴性菌占64 .71%,革兰阳性菌占35 .29%.铜绿假细胞菌对环丙沙星和庆大霉素均表现出较高的耐药性,耐药率＞50%,而对利奈唑胺和万古霉素则均表现出较低的耐药性,耐药率＜20%.金黄葡萄菌对青霉素G和红霉素均表现出较高的耐药性,耐药率均＞70%,而对苯唑西林和四环素则均表现出较低的耐药性,耐药率均＜20%.结论 耳鼻喉科手术患者术后医院感染病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,其次为革兰阳性菌,临床治疗过程中应充分结合病原菌分布及其耐药情况合理应用抗菌药物.%Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of postoperative infection patho‐gens in patients undergoing EN T surgery .Methods 486 patients with EN T surgery were selected as sub‐jects ,analyze the incidence of infection af ter surgery .T he distribution of pathogens and the monitoring of drug resistance in patients w ith EN T surgery w ere analyzed .Results In this group of patients ,62 cases of infection ,the infection rate w as 12 .76% .T he infection site accounted for 58 .06% of the respiratory sys‐tem ,the urinary system accounted for 22 .58%,the digestive system accounted for 11 .29%,and the other parts accounted for 8 .06% .68 strains of pathogens w ere detected in infected patients ,g ram‐negative bac‐teria accounted for 64 .71%,and g ram‐positive bacteria accounted for 35 .29% .Pseudo monas aeruginosa show ed high resistance to both ciprofloxacin and gentamicin , and the drug resistance rate w as ＞ 50%, w hile show ed low resistance to linezolid and vancomycin ,and the drug resistance rate w as ＜20% .Golden g rape bacterium show ed high resistance to penicillin G and ery thromycin ,and the drug resistance rate w as＞70%,w hile show ed low resistance to oxacillin and tetracycline , and the drug resistance rate w as ＜20% .Conclusion T he distribution of pathogens in patients with nosocomial infection after EN T surgery w as mainly gram‐negative bacteria ,follow ed by gram‐positive bacteria .In the course of clinical treatment , antibacterial drugs should be properly applied in com bination w ith the distribution of pathogens and their drug resistance .
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