注意缺陷多动障碍儿童事件相关电位P300特征分析

摘要

目的：：探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童事件相关电位(event related potential,ERP)P300的特点。方法：对100例ADHD患儿(研究组)[注意缺陷为主型( ADHD-I )34例、多动/冲动为主型(ADHD-HI)24例、混合型(ADHD-C)42例)]和100名正常儿童(对照组)前额区(Fz)、中央区(Cz)两个脑区的ERP P300潜伏期及波幅进行检测,比较分析研究组与对照组、ADHD各亚型及不同SNAP-Ⅳ评分分组(1.6~2.0为中度组、>2.0为重度组)的P300潜伏期及波幅的差异。结果：①与对照组比较,研究组靶刺激在前额区( Fz)及中央区( Cz) P300潜伏期显著延长,波幅降低,差异具有统计学意义( P均<0.01)；②ADHD各亚型组间P300潜伏期与波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；③不同SNAP-IV评分组间,P300潜伏期与波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：ADHD患儿P300的潜伏期显著延长,波幅降低,提示ADHD患儿对信息加工处理的速度减慢,注意力、记忆力缺陷及认知加工能力不足。%Objective:To study the characteristics of event-related potential P300 in children with atten-tion deficit hyperactivity disorder( ADHD) . Method:The latency of event-related potentials P300 in prefron-tal cortex(Fz) and central(Cz) were detected to all participants,including 100 cases with ADHD and 100 healthy children. Then compared the difference of P300 between the ADHD children and healthy children. Results:Compared with the control,the latency of P300 in ADHD children were prolonged significantly and the amplitude was significantly decreased in the prefrontal cortex( Fz) and central( Cz) ,the difference was statisti-cally significant(P<0. 05);There were no significant difference of the P300 latency and amplitude among the three subtype ADHD groups(P>0. 05);and there was also no significant difference in the different scores of SNAP-IV group(P>0. 05). Conclusion: The results suggest that the speed of information processing of ADHD children is slow down,and the capacity of attention,memory and cognitive processing of ADHD children are insufficient.