高龄老年患者轻度认知功能障碍分析及临床对策

摘要

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the very old patients. Methods In this study,123 subjects(≥80 years)were selected. According to MMSE,the patients were divided into MCI group and control group. Levels of schooling and education,biochemical examination,and complications including hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and hy-perlipemia of the patients were analyzed. Results According to the results,48 cases(39% )suffered from MCI. MCI incidence was significantly lower in patients with college degree or above than those received primary school education(30. 3% vs. 50. 0% ,P ﹤ 0. 05). The levels of choles-terol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in MCI group were significantly higher than control group( P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion Low schooling and hyperlipemia are highly correlated with MCI in very old patients. Corresponding clinical strategy should be adopted for the treatment.%目的：了解高龄老年患者轻度认知功能障碍情况，并制定相应的临床对策。方法入选123例老年科住院的高龄老年（年龄≥80岁）患者，根据简易精神状态量表（MMSE）水平，分为轻度认知功能障碍组（MCI 组）和对照组，比较其受教育程度、生化指标、合并症（包括高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等）方面的差异，发现高龄老年轻度认知功能障碍的危险因素。结果有48例患者存在 MCI，占39％。大专及以上学历的高龄老人 MCI 发生率明显低于小学以下学历（30.3％ vs.50.0％，P ﹤0.05）；MCI 组高脂血症的发生率、总胆固醇（CHO）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL - C）水平明显高于对照组（ P ﹤0.05）。结论受教育程度差、高脂血症是高龄老年患者轻度认知功能障碍的重要影响因素，临床上应该采取相应的对策进行干预。