Objective To observe and analyze the significance of E6 protein of human papilloma virus 16(HPV16)and human telomer-ase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)in the role of carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 220 specimens of cervical lesion were se-lected for this study. These specimens were divided into cervicitis(38 cases),cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN,118 cases),cervical squa-mous cell carcinoma(SCC,36 cases)and cervical adenocarcinoma(ADC,28 cases)according to the pathological diagnosis. The infection rates of each HPV subtype,the expression levels of E6 protein of HPV16 and hTERT protein in these specimens were detected and compared. Results In the group of cervical lesion specimens,a total of 146 cases were detected as HPV infection,the infection rate was 66. 4℅ ,among which,the infection rate of HPV16 was the highest,accounting for 31. 8℅ of all these specimens and 47. 9℅ of infected specimens. The positive expression rate of HPV16 E6 protein in specimens of cervicitis or CIN was significantly lower than that in the specimens of SCC or ADC(χ2 = 30. 950,28. 663,65. 265,59. 598,P ﹤ 0. 05),the positive expression rate of hTERT protein in specimens of cervicitis was significantly lower than that of other types of specimens(χ2 = 6. 553,62. 870,62. 011,P ﹤ 0. 05),and the positive expression rate of hTERT protein in specimens of CIN was significantly lower than that of specimens of SCC or ADC(χ2 = 72. 715,69. 935,P ﹤ 0. 05). The expression scores of HPV16 E6 protein were correlated with the degree of differentiation of SCC specimens( rs = - 0. 635),and negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation of ADC specimens( rs = - 0. 577)( P ﹤ 0. 05). The expression scores of hTERT protein were positively correlated with the staging of CIN specimens( rs = 0. 628)and the degree of differentiation of SCC specimens( rs = - 0. 758),and negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation of ADC specimens( rs = - 0. 845)( P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion HPV infection is closely correlated with the occurrence of various cervical lesions. The high expression levels of HPV16 E6 protein and hTERT protein may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions.%目的：观察和分析人乳头瘤病毒16（HPV16）E6蛋白和人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）在宫颈癌致癌机制中的作用。方法选取220例宫颈病变标本，根据病理诊断将其分为宫颈炎症（38例）、宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN，118例），宫颈鳞癌（SCC，36例）和宫颈腺癌（ADC，28例）。对标本中的各HPV亚型感染情况、HPV16E6蛋白和hTERT蛋白表达情况进行检测和比较。结果在本组宫颈病变组织标本中，共有146例检出感染HPV，感染率为66.4℅，其中，HPV16的感染率最高，占31.8℅，占全部感染标本的47.9℅；宫颈炎与CIN标本中的HPV16E6蛋白表达阳性率均显著低于SCC标本或ADC标本（χ2=30.950、28.663、65.265、59.598，P﹤0.05），宫颈炎标本中的hTERT蛋白表达阳性率显著低于其它病变类型（χ2=6.553、62.870、62.011，P﹤0.05），CIN标本中的hTERT蛋白表达阳性率显著低于SCC标本或ADC标本（χ2=72.715、69.935，P﹤0.05）；HPV16E6蛋白表达评分与SCC标本的分化程度（rs=-0.635）、ADC标本的分化程度（rs=-0.577）呈负相关关系（P﹤0.05），hTERT蛋白表达评分与CIN标本的分期（rs=0.628）呈正相关关系而与SCC标本的分化程度（rs=-0.758）、ADC标本的分化程度（rs=-0.845）呈负相关关系（P﹤0.05）。结论HPV感染与各类宫颈病变的发生具有相关性，HPV16E6蛋白和hTERT蛋白的高表达可能在宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌的发生、进展过程中发挥着重要的作用。
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