胸部硬膜外麻醉复合吸入麻醉对腹部手术患者应激性高血糖的影响

摘要

目的：观察胸部硬膜外麻醉复合异氟醚吸入麻醉对腹部手术患者应激性高血糖的影响。方法择期腹部手术患者40例，随机均分为两组，每组20例。I 组和 E 组术中吸入异氟醚维持麻醉。E 组患者诱导前 T8～9椎间隙穿刺硬膜外置管，注入1％利多卡因5 ml（不加肾上腺素）试验量，再注入利多卡因5～8 ml 将阻滞平面调节到 T4，以后每小时追加5～8 ml。于麻醉前30 min （T0）、手术90 min（T1）、术后60 min（T2）及术后1 d（T3）、2 d（T4）检测血糖（Glu）、红细胞醛糖还原酶（AR）、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶（G-6PD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及血浆一氧化氮（NO）、血浆谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）浓度。结果与T0时比较，T1～T3时两组 Glu 明显升高（P＜0.05），T3时 I 组 AR、G-6PD、CAT 活性与 MDA 浓度明显升高，NO、GSH 浓度明显降低（P＜0.05）。与 I 组比较，T3时 E 组 Glu、AR、G-6PD、CAT 明显降低，NO 明显升高（P＜0.05）。两组患者 GSH-Px、SOD 比较差异均无统计学意义。结论硬膜外麻醉可降低腹部手术患者术中、术后应激性高血糖。%Objective To investigate the impact of thoracic epidural anesthesia on stress hyper-glycemia in patients undergoing major abdominal operations.Methods Forty patients were divided in-to two groups:general anesthesia (group I)and thoracic epidural and general anesthesia (group E). The venous samples were collected for the measurements of blood glucose (Glu),nitric oxide (NO), malonadialdehyde (MDA),glutathione (GSH)and the activities of aldose reductase (AR),glucose-6-phasphate dehydrogenase (G-6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT)in red blood cells at 30 min before induction (T0 ),90 min after incision (T1 ),60 min after surgery (T2 )and on the 1st,2nd postoperative day (T3 and T4 ).Results The lev-el of Glu was increased from T1 to T3 in two groups compared with T0 .The activities of AR,G-6PD and CAT in RBC and plasma MDA were increased markedly at T3 while plasma levels of GSH and NO were decreased significantly in group I (P<0.05).Above parameters,except Glu,changed slightly and did not reach significance in group E.Compared to group I,the level of Glu and the activities of AR,G-6PD,CAT in group E were decreased and NO level was increased significantly at T3 (P <0.05).SOD and GSH-Px activity changed slightly within and between two groups.Conclusion Tho-racic epidural anesthesia can effectively attenuate stress hyperglycemia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.