孵化温度影响中华鳖孵出幼体表型特征和幼体的早期生长

摘要

To examine if incubation temperature affects hatching success, incubation length and hatching quality, we incubated Pelodiscussinensis eggs in four constant temperature and one fluctuating temperature. Incubation temperature affected incubation length and most examined hatching traits. The mean incubation length at 21, 24, 28, 32℃ and fluctuating temperature was 75.9、74.9、46.0、39.4 and 49.4 days, respectively. Wet body mass, carapace width and plastron width differed among the five treatments, but not in carapace length. Hatching from fluctuating temperature had a smaller body size than those from other temperatures. Temperature-induced variation in hatching size was also a significant source of variation in post-hatching growth. Hatching from higher incubation temperature (28, 32℃ and fluctuating temperature) had a larger growth rate (bigger in wet body mass, carapace length, carapace width and plastron width) than those from lower temperatures (21 and 24℃).%为了检测孵化温度是否影响孵化成功率、孵化期和孵出幼体的质量，本研究设置了4个恒定温度（21,24,28,32℃）和一个波动温度孵化中华鳖卵。孵化温度影响孵化期和多数孵出幼体的表型特征，21,24,28,32°C和波动温度的平均孵化期分别为75.9、74.9、46.0、39.4和49.4天。五个孵化温度孵出幼体的湿重、背甲宽和腹甲宽差异显著，而背甲长差异不显著，来自波动孵化温度的孵出幼体较其它温度的个体要小。温度诱导的幼体形态大小对幼体的早期生长有重要影响，体重、背甲长、背甲宽和腹甲宽在第一个越冬季前差异显著，较低温度孵出（21和24℃）的幼体比较高温度（28、32℃和波动温度）的幼体体重轻，背甲长、背甲宽和腹甲宽小。