第21次联合国气候变化大会出台了新的控制全球温室气体排放的《巴黎协定》。这一国际文件采用了“协定”，而非“议定书”的条约名称，这与国际环境条约中普遍适用“公约－议定书”的方式迥然不同。尽管这并不影响其法律效力，但从条约法的角度来看，二者仍存在一定差异，广义上的“协定”具有比“议定书”更宽泛的适用空间，而且从“议定书”和“协定”的国家实践来看也存在不同，且这种差别对未来全球减排仍会有制度性的影响。对此，中国应积极利用国际法，充分发挥《巴黎协定》赋予的灵活性，创造性地开展国内温室气体减排。%The Paris Agreement was adopted at the 21 st United Nations Climate Change Conference.It is a new legal agreement on global greenhouse gas emissions.The international document adopted the name of “agreement” rather than “protocol”,which is a different model against “convention-protocol”in international environmental treaties.The “agreement”in a broad sense has a wider scope of application than the protocol,and it is also different from the “Protocol”and “agreement”. Although its name doesn’t debase the Paris Agreement’s legal effective,there are some different institutional impacts on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, China should seriously consider the significance of the name of treaties,fully exert the Paris Agreement’s flexibility,and creatively reduce domestic greenhouse gas emission.
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