存在句（NP1+V 着+NP2）中句尾 NP2语义关系的探析

摘要

The semantics of the existential sentences construction of NP1+VP+NP2” is “something or some people exist in some place”. The NP2 in this syntactic structure can be a quantificational phrase, a proper noun, a bare noun, a noun phrase and an abstract noun or phrase. It cannot be omitted. This paper takes the predicate as the center to probe the structural and semantic relations among different predicate and existential subjects.%　　存在句（NP1+V 着+NP2）表示“某处存在某人或某物”，句尾的存在主体（NP2）在句法结构上常常是一些表示无定性的数量短语、专有名词①、光杆名词、名词性短语或少数抽象名词或短语，但是不能省略或不出现。以谓语动词（VP）为中心，探讨不同的谓语动词和存在主体之间不同的结构形式、语义关系以及语义特征。