汉语名词的隐喻知识表示及获取研究

摘要

隐喻知识的表示和获取是进行隐喻计算的基础.该文把隐喻知识看作是本体和喻体的特征和属性之间的关联.主要通过惯用语导入和句法模式识别两种机制,来获取名词的隐喻知识.惯用语的隐喻比较固定和单一,从专门的词典释义中就能获取准确的隐喻特征和属性.而一般名词的隐喻知识比较复杂,该文主要依托语料库和搜索引擎,通过关键词和句法匹配来获取同一名词不同的隐喻特征及对应属性.该项工作的结果,对隐喻句隐喻意义的获取和名词语义属性特征的描述体系构建具有一定的价值.%The Acquisition and Expression of metaphorical knowledge is the basis of metaphor computation.In this paper,metaphor knowledge is regarded as the relationship between original and target domain,described by the fea-tures and attributes.In order to get Chinese concrete nouns'metaphor features,we use 2 methods:one is idiomatic expression importing,and the other is syntax pattern matching.For the metaphor knowledge of idiom,we derive the accurate metaphorical features and attributes from idiomatic dictionary definitions.As for general concrete nouns, metaphor knowledge is more complex and we mainly rely on corpus and search engine to acquire different metaphori-cal features and corresponding attributes of the same noun by keyword and syntactic matching.This work may make sense in the construction of Chinese nouns' semantic feature system and the understanding of Chinese metaphorical sentences.