扫描电镜下9种卷柏叶表皮特征的系统学意义

摘要

应用扫描电镜观察卷柏属(Selaginella)9种植物的叶表皮.结果显示:表皮细胞长条形或不规则多边形;垂周壁平直或波状;叶缘具或不具明显的刺结构;表皮细胞附属有鳞片状、颗粒状及瘤状突起等;气孔器多为不规则型,其大小、数量、分布及孔口是否光滑,气孔带是否有瘤状突起分布等特征在不同种间存在差异,尤其对卷柏属植物的表皮附属物瘤状突起进行了细致的观察,统计并测量其类型、分布、数量及大小,首次将其应用于卷柏属植物的分类鉴定中.为探讨种间亲缘关系提供更具针对性的微形态学资料.%The foliar epidermis of 9 species of the Selaginella was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the shapes of epidermis cells are elongate or irregula. The patterns of anticlinal walls are straight or sinuolale. The cuticular membrane of epidermis is scaly, granular or tuberculiform under SEM. Most of the stomatal apparatuses are anomocytic type. There are some differences among species such as the stomatal size, atomatal density, distribution, whether stomata is smooth or not, and whether the tubercuiiform protrusion mneomits with stomatal bands. This study focuses on the vuherculiform protrusion of the foliar epidermis, and investigates their types, size, distribution j and quantity. These characteristics are applied to the classification and identification of Selaginella for the first time, which may provide a more directed micro-morphological data for exploring the phylogenetic relationship of this genus.