Staining with heavy metal solution, such as Uranyl acetate and Lead citrate is an important and necessary step in the preparation of ultrathin sections in transmission electron microscope ( TEM) investigation. Based on the working principle of staining plate, four staining plate models with different staining hole angle values between the wall and the bottom surface(90°, 105°, 120°and 135°) had been designed, and their computed liquid dynamic data had been calculated using Ansys/Flotran two-dimension simulation method. The calculation results showed that with the increase of the angle between the wall and the bottom surface, the washing water velocities on the ultrathin sections rose gradually and turbulent kinetic energies among different staining holes tended to be uniform distribution, and turbulent kinetic energy reached maximum value in angle 105° which meant that the exchange degree between the washing water and remained heavy-metal dying solution was maximum and then had been chosen as the optimized product design. This corresponding product provides the basis for improving the ultrathin sections staining technique.%电镜超薄切片样品制备中,重金属染色是不可缺少的关键步骤.本文基于夹持型超薄切片染色板工作原理,建立4种不同染色孔形状的染色板模型(染色孔底部与侧壁夹角90°,105°,120°和135°),对水流冲洗染色板过程进行二维模拟,采用Ansys/Flotran方法计算超薄切片表面的实际冲洗液流速度和湍流动能.结果表明,随着染色孔底部与侧壁夹角的增加,超薄切片表面的水流冲洗速度逐渐增加,且不同染色孔内的湍流动能逐渐变得均匀,在染色孔的壁与底面的夹角为105°时,湍流动能最大,即水流与超薄切片表面残余的重金属染液之间交换程度最大,此结构被确定为最优化设计.根据计算流体动力学研制的产品,操作简便、安全有效,为提高透射电镜的样品染色效率和质量提供理论基础.
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