一论第三国强制规范适用制度在中国的确立

摘要

《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》没有规定第三国强制规范适用制度，这与通行的国际惯例不符。虽然该制度在中国还比较陌生，但在少数的国际私法立法实践中涉及是否以及如何设置第三国强制规范适用制度的探讨。涉外民商事审判对该问题的重视程度不够以及实践对直接适用第三国强制规范的需求不足是目前阻碍立法的两大原因。为了中国广泛地参与全球治理以及设立自由贸易区的需要，长远看有确立之必要。未来在设计这一制度时，应特别考虑其适用的领域范围以及与法院地强制规范适用制度的关系，并对是否以及如何适用作适当权衡。%Law of the PRC on Application of Laws to Foreign-related Civil Relationships does not define the applicable institution of third-country mandatory rules, which is inconsistent with international custom.Although this institution is still relatively unknown in China, there are a few legislative practices in private international law involving whether and how to establish it.There are two important reasons of impeding the legislation currently:One is that judges engaged in foreign-related civil and commercial trials fail to take it seriously enough; the other is that practices are in insufficient demand of immediate application of third-country mandatory rules.To meet the need of China’s wide participation in global governance and setting up free-trade zones, it is necessary to establish applicable institution of third-country mandatory in the long run.When designing the institution, we should pay special attention to the scope of its application as well as its relation with the applicable institution of mandatory rules of the forum.What’s more, whether and how to apply it should be considered appropriately.