知识网络观已经被情报学界普遍接受.已往的科学知识网络研究多以引文关系和合著关系为线索,其结果揭示的是科学界高阶的学科结构和智力结构,而非知识概念结构.为了在微观层面上揭示科学知识网络的形成与演化机理,我们将目光关注在了文章关键词与关键词共现关系上.通过回顾认知地图、科学知识领域绘图与共词分析三个领域的发展历史,本文提出了共词网络方法,并以此为基础分析了科学知识体系的网络结构和知识单元的增长模式.借助对共词网络的结构与演化过程的分析,本文首次从词汇维度定性解释了科学知识网络的形成与演化机理.%The vision of knowledge network has been accepted in LIS science. Most of the previous research on science knowledge network was based on citations and co-authorship, which represented the discipline structures and intelligence structures, rather than the concept structures. In order to demonstrate the formation and evolution mechanism of knowledge network from the micro aspect, we focus the paper on author keywords and co-word relationships. After a review of cognitive map, mapping knowledge domains and co-word analysis method, the paper proposes a new research method named co-word network. Based on the new method, this paper qualitatively analyzes the formation and evolution mechanism of science knowledge network and the increasing patterns of knowledge cells from the word dimension for the first time.
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