基于大涡模拟的高速列车横风运行安全性研究

摘要

结合高速列车空气动力学和多体系统动力学,研究横风对高速列车运行安全性的影响.首先采用大涡模拟计算方法,研究了不同横风风速下高速列车非定常气动载荷的时域及频域特性,列车周围流场结构及相应的非定常流场特性.然后建立高速列车多体系统动力学模型,将得到的气动力作为外加载荷作用于列车上,研究了不同横风风速下定常气动力和非定常气动力对直线上高速列车运行安全性的影响特性,计算结果表明,与定常气动力相比,作用于车身上的非定常气动力使列车的振动加剧.最后参照高速列车的安全运行标准,对高速列车的安全运行进行分析,为横风下高速列车的安全运行提供参考.%The aerodynamics and multi-body system dynamics of the high-speed train are combined in this paper to study the effects of crosswinds on the running safety of the high-speed train. Firstly, the large eddy simulation (LES) is used to study the time and frequency domain characteristics of the unsteady aerodynamic forces on the high-speed train, the structure of the flow field around the train and the characteristics of the unsteady flow field under different crosswind speeds. Then the multi-body system dynamics model of the high-speed train is established, in which aerodynamic forces are dealt with as the external loads acting on the train. With this model, the influence of steady and unsteady aerodynamic forces on the running safety of the high-speed train under crosswinds on straight lines is studied. The results show that the vibration of the train under unsteady aerodynamic forces is more intense than that under steady aerodynamic forces. In the end, with reference to the safe operation criteria for high-speed trains, the running safety of the high-speed train is studied,which is helpful to safe operation of high-speed trains under crosswinds.