石羊河流域地处内陆干旱区，是典型的资源性缺水地区。水权制度建设是优化水资源配置的基础工作，将区域水权分配与行业取水许可管理有机结合，对高效配置水资源，建立和完善流域水市场，实现流域水资源的可持续利用和经济社会的发展有重要的现实意义。本文以石羊河流域水资源开发利用现状为依据，尊重历史，承认现实，统筹生产、生活和生态用水，提出流域的水权内涵、界定原则和初始水权分配方案；并对开展流域水权交易和水权管理的制度体系建设提出了相关建议，为石羊河流域水资源合理配置，确定水权分配方案，开展水权交易，建设水权管理制度等提供理论依据。%Shiyang River Basin is a typical water resources shortage area, located in the inland arid areas. Water rights system is a foundational work to optimize the allocation of water resources, which combines the regional water rights allocation with water permit management of industry. Water rights system has an important practical significance for providing efficiency of water allocation, establishing and perfecting the basin water market and achieving sustainable use of water resources in river basin and social development. This paper proposes water rights connotation, defining principles and initial water rights allocation frame-works and schemes according to the actual situation of water resources of Shiyang river and respecting histo-ry, recognizing the reality and coordinating life, ecology, agricultural as well as industrial water. The paper also puts relevant schemes and proposals for water rights trading and water rights management system, hop-ing to provide a theoretical basis for the rational allocation of water resources and water rights system con-struction in the Shiyang river basin.
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