端氨基超支化聚合物提高超细纤维合成革基布染色性能研究

摘要

采用N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)和二乙烯三胺(DETA)为原料合成端氨基超支化聚合物(NH2-HBP)。以有机膦为交联剂，将NH2-HBP交联至硫酸处理的服装用聚酰胺超细纤维合成革基布上，以解决超细纤维合成革基布上染率低和色牢度差的问题。对改性前后基布的原子力显微镜(AFM)图和热重分析(TGA)图进行分析，探讨其改性效果；考察有机膦交联剂用量和NH2-HBP用量两个单因素对基布的上染率、表面色度、耐干湿擦牢度、透水汽性能及物理机械性能的影响。研究结果表明：当有机膦交联剂用量为基布中伯氨基含量的0.6倍，NH2-HBP用量为基布中伯氨基含量的2倍时，基布的上染率最好，可由59.09%提高至98.68%，耐干擦牢度能够从3级提高至4~4.5级，耐湿擦牢度能够从2级提高至3.5级，基布表面色度也有明显提高，并且对基布的物理机械性能、透水汽性能没有较大影响，改性效果十分良好。%Amino-terminated hyperbranched polymers (NH2-HBP) were synthesized using N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) and diethylene triamine (DETA) as raw materials. NH2-HBP was grafted onto polyamide microfiber synthetic leathers, and organic phosphine was used as a cross-linking agent to overcome low dye-uptake and poor color fastness problems of microfiber synthetic leathers. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to study the leather before and after modification. The effects of the organic phosphine and NH2-HBP dosages on dye-uptake, surface chromaticity, dry-wet rubbing fastness, moisture permeability and mechanical properties of the leather were studied. The results show that when the content of the organic phosphine and NH2-HBP are 0.6 and 2.0 times of that of primary amino groups, respectively, the modification effects are the best. The dye-uptake improves from 59.09% to 98.68% and the dry-rub and wet-rub fastness increase from 3.0 to 4.0~4.5 and 2.0 to 3.5, respectively. The surface chromaticity is also improved. Meanwhile, this technology has no negative influence on moisture permeability and mechanical properties of the modified leather.