植物耐热性的分子机制研究进展

摘要

高温胁迫会使植物产生损伤，影响植物的生存，植物通过热激反应来应对热胁迫，如热激蛋白、抗氧化剂、植物激素、渗透调节物质、光合作用和蒸腾作用、细胞膜稳定性、产生挥发有机物及共生关系等在植物的热激反应途径中具有重要作用.Hsfs、MBF1c、APX1、Zats、DREB2A/2C 及 WRKY 等转录因子在热激反应中传递放大信号，对提高耐热性至关重要.综述了植物耐热性的分子机理及分子生物学研究进展，以期为提高植物的耐热性及耐热性植物的选育提供指导.%　　High temperature stress can exert damage effects on plants, but plants have coping mechanisms to deal with this situation. There are a lot of mechanisms about heat resistance of plants, such as heat shock protein, antioxidant, phytohormone, osmoregulation substances, photosynthesis, transpiration, cell membrane stability, volatile organic compounds, symbiotic relationship and so on. The transcription factors, including Hsfs, MBF1c, APX1, Zats, DREB2A/2C, WRKY, which are in charge of transmitting the amplified signals in heat-shock response, are so critical to obtain heat resistance. In order to provide references for improving plants' heat resistance and breeding of heat -resistant plants, the paper summarizes the molecular and genetic mechanism of heat resistance in plants, and analyzes related research progress of molecular biology.