不同覆盖方式对大棚春绿芦笋生长及产量的影响

摘要

Taking triennial green asparagus cultivar Grande as material, we studied the warming effects of three different soil surface mulching methods on the growth and yield of green asparagus in greenhouse in spring. The results showed that, covering with single white plastic film, the soil temperature was increased by 2.65 ℃, and the harvest time was 18 days earlier, in addition, the yield and benefit of green asparagus were significantly increased by 40.54% and 61.14%respectively compared with those of the control treatment (no surface mulching). But the harvest time, yield and benefit of the two treatments, rice husk mulching and rice straw+chicken manure+rice husk muchling, had no significant difference with those of the control, and their ground temperature was lower than that of the control. The three mulching treatments had no significant effect on the first-class spears ratio of green asparagus compared with that of the control.%以三年生芦笋格兰德为试材，研究了单层白色地膜、谷壳和三层覆盖（稻草+鸡粪+谷壳）的增温效应及对大棚春绿芦笋生长和产量的影响。试验结果表明，单层白色地膜覆盖平均可提高地温2.65℃，促进绿芦笋提前萌芽出笋，使采笋期提前18 d 左右，绿芦笋产量和产值比对照（不覆盖）提高40.54%和61.14%，增产增效显著；但谷壳覆盖和三层覆盖对绿芦笋的采笋期、产量和产值均无显著影响，且地温比对照低；另外，3种覆盖方式对绿芦笋的一级笋率均无显著影响。