In the process of laser propagation,the wavefront distortion and wave breaking of target laser may be caused by the impact of transmission environment, resulting in that the actual target spot appears the change of spatial and temporal distribution. It is built a numerical simulation model of millisecond pulse laser interaction with material by COMSOL Multiphysics software and a contrastive analysis is made on the temperature distribution differences of alumi-na under the effect of actual target laser and ideal Gaussian laser respectively. The temperature difference exists inside laser irradiation area due to the gradient difference appearing in the spatial distribution of laser energy during the interac-tion between laser and alumina. When the energy of actual target laser is greater, the difference between temperature field and the spatial distribution is more obvious. Therefore, not all incident lasers can be idealized as the standard beam spot. The results have guiding significance in improving the application of laser processing quality in terms of long-distance transmission.%在激光的传播过程中,由于受到传输环境影响,可能导致到靶激光的波前畸变和波前破碎等现象,致使实际的到靶光斑产生时空分布的变化.利用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件建立了毫秒脉冲激光与氧化铝相互作用的数值仿真模型,对比分析了氧化铝分别在实际到靶激光和理想高斯激光作用下的温度分布差异.研究表明,由于实际到靶激光与理想高斯激光能量梯度差距较大,使得在与氧化铝相互作用时产生的温度分布也表现出明显差异,在分析实际到靶激光时,实际到靶激光的能量梯度越大,其产生的温度场与其能量空间分布差异也更明显.因此,在实际应用中,不能单纯的把入射激光都理想化为标准光斑.研究结果在提高长距离传输的激光加工质量的应用方面具有指导意义.
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