轴向柱塞泵滑靴副功率损失特性

摘要

Considering pressure-gradient flow and shear flow, the power loss model of slipper pair in axial piston pump was built to decrease energy dissipation of axial piston pump. The leakage, friction torque, leakage power loss and viscous friction power consumption of slipper under different pressures of piston chamber, shaft speeds and structure parameters were discussed. The results show that the power loss of slipper bearing is mainly due to the viscous friction and the leakage power loss is low, which causes the friction torque to increase. The influence of shaft speed on viscous friction power loss is more significant than pressure of piston chamber. When the radius ratio of slipper is set from 1.5 to 2.0, the lower radius ratio of slipper helps to reduce the leakage and viscous friction power loss. When the length diameter ratio of orifice is set from 3.50 to 8.75, the higher length diameter ratio of orifice due to the thin film thickness is useful to decrease leakage power loss, but the viscous friction power loss increases.%为降低轴向柱塞泵滑靴副功率损失,考虑油液的压差和剪切流动的影响,建立滑靴副的功率损失模型,讨论泵的柱塞腔压力、主轴转速以及结构参数对滑靴的泄漏流量、摩擦力矩、泄漏功率损失以及黏性摩擦功率损失的影响.研究结果表明:滑靴副的功率损失以黏性摩擦为主,摩擦力矩比较大,而泄漏流量比较小.主轴转速对黏性摩擦功率损失的影响占据主导地位,大于柱塞腔压力的影响;当滑靴的半径比为1.5~2.0时,应尽量取较小值,有利于降低滑靴副的泄漏和黏性摩擦功率损失;当阻尼管的长度直径比为3.50~8.75时,阻尼孔直径不宜设计太小,尽管阻尼管的长度直径比变大对泄漏功率损失产生抑制作用,但是油膜厚度变薄将会增加黏性摩擦功率损失.