Objective To sum up the diagnosis and surgical treatment of oblique vaginal septum syndrome (0VSS). Methods The clinical data of 0VSS patients from January 2005 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups; a re-operation group ( n = 11) and a first-operation group ( n = 17). The general clinical data, surgery methods and outcome between 2 groups were compared. Results The number of patients with pelvic mass on first attendance in the re-operation group was significantly more than those in the first-operation group (x2=8.134,P =0.004). Only 1 patient was diagnosed during the first operation in the re-operation group. All the patients were diagnosed with OVSS in the first-operation group. Except for 1 case of hysterectomy in the post-cavity of the septum in each group, the basic operation was oblique vaginal septum resection. All the patients were followed up. Symptoms as the pelvic mass, irregular vaginal bleeding, and vaginal flow of purulence completely disappeared, and dysmenorrhea symptoms completely disappeared or apparently improved. Conclusion The diversity of clinical manifestations of OVSS increases the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment. In younger patients with pelvic mass, primary dysmenorrheal, and one side renal agenesis, OVSS should be highly suspected. The basic treatment for OVSS is septum resection and drainage, and the correct pre-operative diagnosis iscritical. If necessary, combination of hysteroscopy with laparoscopy will be helpful.%目的:探讨阴道斜隔综合征(oblique vaginal septum syndrome,OVSS)的诊断与手术治疗方法.方法:回顾性分析2005年1月至2010年6月OVSS患者的临床资料.将患者分成再次手术组(n=11)和首次手术组（n=17）两组,比较两组的一般临床资料、手术方法和结果.结果:以发现盆腔包块首诊者,再次手术者明显多于首次手术者(X2=8.134,P=0.004).再次手术组中仅1例在第1次手术时确诊,首次手术组患者术前均诊断为OVSS.除每组各有1例行隔后腔子宫切除术外,其他患者的基本术式均为阴道斜隔切除术.患者术后均获随访,盆腔包块及阴道不规则流血、流脓等症状消失,痛经消失或明显改善.结论:OVSS临床表现的多样性增加了诊治的难度.以盆腔包块、原发痛经就诊的年轻患者,又有一侧肾缺如者,应高度怀疑OVSS.切除斜隔引流积液是OVSS的基本治疗方法,但术前正确诊断十分关键,必要时需宫腔镜及腹腔镜辅助联合诊断.
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