反常失眠症人格特征的病例对照研究

摘要

Objective:To compare the personal characteristics between the patients with paradoxical insomnia and the patients with primary insomnia or the normal sleepers.Methods:A case-control study with the proportion at 1∶1∶1 was carried out.The patients with paradoxical insomnia were diagnosed in Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March 2013 and December 2013.A case of paradoxical insomnia was matched with two controls:a primary insomnia patient and a normal sleeper.A total of 63 matched cases were collected.A face-to-face survey was conducted by using the following scales:General Data Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).Results:The average scores of psychoticism,extraversion,and neuroticism for paradoxical insomnia cases were (52.1±10.2),(49.6±9.8),and (56.0±12.0),respectively.In general,31.7% of paradoxical insomnia patients had psychoticism or psychoticism tendency in their personality,which were more obvious than those in primary insomnia patients (7.9%) (x2=l 1.228,p<0.0125) and normal sleepers (0) (X2=23.774,P<0.0125).Moreover,19.0% of paradoxical insomnia patients had extroversion or extroversion tendency in their personality,which were more significant than those in primary insomnia patients (3.2%) (Z=-4.047,P<0.0125) but less obvious than those in normal sleepers (60.3%) (Z=-4.754,P<0.0125).Also,46.0% of paradoxical insomnia patients had neuroticism or neuroticism tendency in their personality,which were more significant than those in normal sleepers (0) (x2=37.670,P<0.0125) but similar to those in primary insomnia patients (52.4%) (x2=0.508,P>0.0125).Conclusion:The personal characteristics for paradoxical insomnia patients did not reached obviously abnormal level.However,their psychoticism tendency,extroversion tendency and neuroticism tendency needed to be paid attention.%目的:比较反常失眠症患者与原发性失眠症患者及睡眠正常者的人格特征.方法:采用1∶1∶1配对病例对照研究,收集2013年3月至12月于四川大学华西医院睡眠医学中心就诊的63位反常失眠症患者为病例组,为每1例病例组患者配1例原发性失眠症患者和1例睡眠正常的健康对照.所有受试者完成艾森克人格问卷.结果:病例组艾森克人格问卷精神质维度、内外向维度、神经质维度得分分别为52.1±10.2,49.6±9.8,56.0±12.0.病例组有精神质或精神质倾向者的比例(31.7%)高于原发性失眠对照组(7.9%)(x2=11.228,P<0.0125)和健康对照组(0) (x2=23.774,P<0.0125);性格外向和外倾者的比例(19.0%)高于原发性失眠对照组(3.2%)(Z=-4.047,P<0.0125),但低于健康对照组(60.3%)(Z=-4.754,P<0.0125);情绪不稳或倾向不稳者的比例(46.0%)高于健康对照组(0)(x2=37.670,P<0.0125),与原发性失眠对照组(52.4%)差异无统计学意义(x2=0.508,P>0.0125).结论:反常失眠症患者整体上人格特征未达到明显病态的水平,有明显高于正常人和原发性失眠患者的精神质倾向,性格较原发性失眠患者更倾向于外向,在神经质特征上与原发性失眠患者相当,均异于正常人.