昆虫蛋白质资源的开发与研究进展

摘要

Insect is a kind of potential bioresource with plenty of high quality protein. In this paper, the advances on the research and exploitation of insect food are reviewed including the birth of Edible Entomology, basic research on exploitation and industrialization of insect food. The advances on exploitation of some common insects for food such as Musca domestica L., Tenebrio molitor L., Bombyx moril， locusts, Gryllotalpa orientalis burmeister，etc. are also reviewed. The prospects for exploitation of insect protein is reviewed in the end of the paper. It is pointed out that the research of management of some serious insect pests as a kind of protein resource and producing high value insect protein by biotechnology are important domains on exploitation of insect protein in the 21st century.%昆虫是一类蕴藏着大量高品质动物蛋白的生物资源，具有巨大的开发和应用潜力.从食用昆虫学的产生、昆虫源食品的开发基础研究和产业化等方面综述了昆虫源食品的开发与研究进展；并对一些常见的饲用昆虫，如蝇蛆、黄粉虫、蚕蛹、蝗虫、蝼蛄等的开发与研究进展作了综述.最后对昆虫蛋白质资源的开发前景作了展望，指出：对一些重大害虫采取蛋白质资源化管理研究和利用高新技术来生产高价值的昆虫蛋白将是21世纪昆虫蛋白质资源开发的重要研究领域.