泉州市鸟类多样性海拔梯度格局的研究

摘要

A survey of the species and population sizes of birds was conducted alone with altitudinal gradients patterns in Quanzhou city, Fujian, Southern China and then the affection of altitudinal gradients to the avian diversity was analyzed. The results show that a species diversity of avian was the highest at the elevations between 500 m and 1000 m, increased at first and then decreased along with altitudinal gradients which showed a single peak curve in accordance with the theory of middle domain effect. The bird' s indices of a species diversity were the highest at the elevations between 500 m and 1000 m. The P species diversity of avian were relatively high at from altitude 500 m-1000 m to 1000 m-1250 m and from 50 m-200 m to 200 m-S00 m which showed that the bird species changed dramatically across altitudes. Meanwhile, the similarity indices of Jaccrad index and Sorenson index further revealed that avian diversity was highly sensitive in altitudes from 500 m-1000 m to 1000 m-1250 m and from 50 m-200 m to 200 m-500 m was the sensitive area of bird species diversity. Avian diversity at the genus and family level increased firstly and then decreased along with altitudinal gradients in accordance with avian a species diversity apd was the highest at the elevations between 500 m and 1000 m. The study indicated that the climate conditions, vegetation types and the degree of human disturbance were the main factors that affected the bird species diversity along with altitudinal gradients which could provide a scientific basis for conserving and monitoring avian biodiversity in Quanzhou city.%对栖息于泉州市不同海拔梯度鸟类种类和数量进行了调查,分析了海拔梯度格局对鸟类物种多样性的影响.结果表明:泉州市鸟类α物种多样性指数沿海拔梯度基本呈先升高后降低的“单峰型”曲线,与“中间膨胀”理论相符合,在500～1000 m海拔段均最大.在500～1250 m海拔段和50～500m海拔段中鸟类β多样性指数较大,表明该海拔段鸟类物种多样性变化剧烈,相似性Jaccrad相似性指数和Sorenson相似性指数进一步说明500～1250 m海拔段和50～500 m海拔段是多样性敏感区域.栖息于不同海拔带的鸟类科属多样性基本随着海拔升高呈先上升后下降趋势,在500～1000 m海拔段最大,与α多样性格局一致.研究表明,气候条件、植被类型和人为干扰程度等因素是影响不同海拔段梯度鸟类物种多样性的主要因素,为泉州市鸟类生物多样性保护和监测提供了科学依据.