马尾松二代种子园无性系花量分析

摘要

2012年于桂阳县苗圃马尾松二代种子园Ⅰ大区、Ⅴ大区以及城步县林科所马尾松二代种子园Ⅲ大区分别随机选取27、28、26个无性系，并于2012年和2013年对其胸径、冠幅以及全株雌、雄球花数量进行定株观测与分析。结果表明：不同地点、不同年度、不同无性系类型，其无性系的雌、雄球花花量平均值差异明显，平均值变幅及其差异较大；无性系间雌球花和雄球花花量主要表现为显著或极显著差异，年份间雌、雄球花花量主要表现为极显著差异；桂阳种子园雌球花的无性系×年份互作效应显著，其他互作效应不显著；地点间雌球花花量的差异均达极显著，雄球花花量的差异不显著；雌、雄球花花量无性系×地点的互作效应均不显著。雌球花和雄球花花量与冠幅、胸径主要表现为正相关，年度间和年度内雌球花花量与雄球花花量均为负相关；年度间雌球花花量与雌球花花量呈正相关，雄球花花量与雄球花花量呈正相关。不同无性系的雌、雄球花贡献率差异明显，有约10%无性系的雌、雄球花贡献率超过平均值的2～3倍，约20.00%无性系的雌、雄球花贡献率达50.00%左右。%Twenty seven, twenty eight and twenty six clones of Pinus massoniana were randomly selected from the corresponding region I and region V in the Seed Orchard of Guiyang County and region III of the Seed Orchard of Chengbu County in 2012. The stub observations and analyses on the diameter, crown, numbers of male and female flower of designation plants were performed in 2012 and 2013. The results show that among the P. massoniana clones growing different sites, with different tree age and different clone species, there were significant differences in average values of male and female flower numbers, also obvious differences in changing of average value;There were significant or very significant differences in numbers of male and female flower of different clones, and very significant differences in that of different years;The interaction effects of clone-year of female flower in the Seed Orchard of Guiyang County were significant, and no significant differences in other interaction effects;There were very significant differences in numbers of female flower in different place, and no significant differences in the amount of the male flower ball;There were no significant differences of numbers of male and female flower in the interaction effects of different clone-year;There were the positive correlation among the numbers of male and female flowers to the crown and diameter, there was the negative correlation between numbers of male and female flowers inter-year and within year;There were the positive correlation between male and male flowers or between female and female flowers inter-year;there were significant differences in contribution rate of male and female flowers of different clones, and about 10%of them surpassed the average contribution rate by 2 to 3 times, and 20%of they reached about 50.00%.