森林旅游发展的初衷是实现国有林场的多种经营、综合利用与脱贫解困，但是30年森林旅游发展对国有林场的经济、环境、社会等多方面产生了综合的影响。采用结构访谈法和文献研究法，对湖南省12个国有林场和林业主管部门近80人的森林旅游发展调研的基础上，就森林旅游30年发展对国有林场的经济收入、森林资源保护、经营管理以及企业家与职工等四个方面的影响进行了深入分析。研究发现，森林旅游的发展在一定程度上实现了其经济增长、环境与资源保护和社会文化的交流与认同，但也存在经营管理市场化水平低、地方政府的过度介入、企业家精神的缺乏、林业工人能力有限等问题。%Forest tourism industry was to achieve diversified economy, comprehensive utilization and relieving from poverty for stated-owned forest farms, but it had a comprehensive impact on the economy, environment, and society of stated-owned forest farms since 1982. Based on the investigations of 80 managers, staffs and residents in 12 stated-owned forest farms and forestry management departments in Hunan Province, and by using structured interviews and documentary research method, the impacts of the 30-years forest tourism industry development on the economic position, forest resources protection, operation and management, entrepreneurs and workers’ income were deeply analyzed. The findings show that the development of forest tourism industry achieved the economic increase, environmental and resource protection, social and cultural communication and identification to some extent, but there existed some of problems such as low level of market-oriented operation and management, local government’s excessive intervention, shortage of entrepreneurship and limited capacity of forestry workers.
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