河北省平泉县平欧杂交榛越冬性研究

摘要

以14个平欧杂交榛品种（系）为试材,开展了越冬保存调查，统计其在河北平泉地区的越冬保存率以及抽条指数。越冬保存调查结果显示，14个品种（系）中达维的越冬保存率最高，达到82.63%，辽榛1号的抽条指数最低，为0.7176。分别对越冬保存率和抽条指数进行聚类分析，结果表明平均越冬保存率最高的一类为辽榛7号、达维、辽榛3号和84-72，较高的一类为84-545、平顶黄、辽榛2号和13-21；平均抽条指数最低的一类为13-21、平顶黄和辽榛1号，较低的一类为辽榛3号，辽榛2号和85-127。以3个平欧杂交榛品种（系）为试材，设置了不同厚度蘑菇渣覆盖的对比试验，并探讨了不同厚度覆盖下的土壤水分和温度与平欧杂交榛的越冬保存率和抽条指数的相关性。覆盖试验表明，蘑菇渣覆盖有利于提高平欧杂交榛的越冬保存率和抗抽条能力，平欧杂交榛的越冬性与1、2月份地下30 cm 水分及 4个月地下30 cm 水分总和呈显著正相关，由此可见，蘑菇渣覆盖是通过提高土壤水分和温度从而提高了杂交榛的越冬能力。%In order to study the overwintering ability of different hybrid hazelnut varieties, the winter survival rate and the shoot shriveling index of the 14 materials in PingQuan, Hebei province were investigated. The results show that the highest winter survival rate was Dawei (82.63%) and the lowest shoot shriveling index was Liaozhen No.1(0.7176). The results of clustering analysis of the winter survival rate and the shoot shriveling index indicate that the highest average winter survival rate class included Liaozhen No.7, Dawei, Liaozhen No.3 and 84-72, followed by the class 84-545, Pingdinghuang, Liaozhen No.2 and 13-2. The lowest average shoot shriveling index class included 13-21, Pingdinghuang and Liaozhen No.1, and the class Liaozhen No.3, Liaozhen No.2, and 85-127 was littler higher than the lowest class. Choosing three varieties as the test materials, another experiment with three different thickness mushroom residue cover was carried out. In this experiment, if the treatments can improve the over-wintering ability of hybrid hazelnut and the correlation of soil moisture and temperature of different thickness and hazelnut winter survival rate and the shoot shriveling index were investigated. The results show that the mushroom residue cover could improve the over-wintering survival rate and the resistance ability of shoot shriveling. The over-wintering ability was related to 30 cm soil moisture in January and February and four months total 30 cm soil moisture, which indicated that the mushroom residue covered improved the over-wintering ability of the hybrid hazelnut by improving the soil moisture and temperature.