水蒸气活化法制备松子壳活性炭的研究

摘要

Activated carbons were prepared by steam activation from wasted pin nut shells,and the main factors including temperature and time were studied on the effects of yield and adsorption properties of the activated carbon. Experimental results indicated that the optimal carbonization temperature for pin nut shells was 500℃; the optimum conditions for activation were:800℃ for the activation temperature, 90 min for the activation time and 2.5 mL/min for the flow rate of steam. Besides,results showed that under the best optimum conditions, the yield of activated carbon was 26.08%, iodine value was 1338 mg/g, methylene blue (MB) adsorption of activated carbon was 300 mg/g. The main pore size of the activated carbon from pine nut shells was around 3 nm, and the average pore size was 2.396 nm. The BET surface area was 1 052.68 m2/g, the total pore volume was 0.630 6 cm3/g, and the micropore volume was 0.355 8 cm3/g, where the amount was 56.43% of the total pore volume.%本文以废弃的松子壳为原料,采用水蒸气活化法制备松子壳活性炭，系统研究了炭化温度、活化温度、活化时间、活化剂用量等关键工艺因素对活性炭产品性能的影响，分析其对碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附性能的影响。实验结果显示，松子壳活性炭最佳工艺条件为：炭化温度为500℃、活化温度为860℃、活化时间为90 min、水蒸气流量为2.5 mL/min，此时松子壳活性炭得率为26.08%，碘吸附值为1338 mg/g，亚甲基蓝吸附值为300 mg/g。松子壳活性炭孔径主要集中在3 nm左右，其平均孔径为2.396 nm，BET比表面积为1052.68 m2/g，总孔容积为0.6306 cm3/g，微孔容积为0.3558 cm3/g，占总孔容积的56.43%。