The 34-years-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica open-pollinated progeny testing forest were sampled as the research object, which set on the Linkou Qingshan experimental station in Heilongjiang province, to filter the superior families of high carbon storage and carbon density. The main growth traits, carbon density of leaves, branches and trunk, carbon storage of leaves, branches and trunk were measured. Using the growth model estimated the carbon storage of each part of the tree. Using SPSS18 analysis software estimated the various characters of the coefficient of variation, the correlation coefficient. The results of families test shows that the genetic variation in trunk volume, biomass of trunk, carbon storage of trunk, biomass of leaves, carbon storage of leaves , biomass of branches, carbon storage of branches, biomass of ground part and carbon storage ground part are rich, the variation coefficient are 19.181%, 20.955%, 20.923%, 14.521%, 14.940%, 19.894%and 19.901%. The genetic variations in wood basic density, carbon content, lignin content and cellulose content is relatively less, the variation coefficient are 4.011%, 1.158%, 1.616%and 6.566%. Trunk carbon storage is significantly positive correlated with tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), volume and trunk biomass. According to above results, we analysis the data by the theory of variance analysis and Duncan method. 77-19 and 77-16 are chosen as the superior families. The value of ground part biomass is 40.671 kg and 37.637 kg. The value of ground part carbon storage is 40.671 kg and 37.637 kg. The mean value of carbon storage is 39.154 kg, which is higher than mean value of all families by 19.29%.%以黑龙江省林口县青山实验林场34年生樟子松自由授粉家系子代测定林为试验材料，筛选含碳率高、碳储量大的优良家系。测定其主要生长性状以及树枝、树叶、树干的含碳率，根据生长量模型估算各部分的生长量及碳储量，运用SPSS18分析软件估算各性状的变异系数、相关系数。结果表明，树干材积、树干生物量、树干碳储量、地上部分生物量及地上部分碳储量性状家系间存在丰富的遗传变异，变异系数分别为19.181%、20.955%、20.923%、19.894%和19.901%。木材基本密度、含碳率、木质素含量和综纤维素含量家系间遗传变异较小，变异系数分别为4.011%、1.158%、1.616%和6.566%。相关分析结果表明，林木树干含碳率仅与树高、树叶含碳率呈正相关关系，相关系数较小。树干碳储量与树高、胸径、材积、树干生物量呈极显著正相关。利用方差分析及Ducan多重比较，综合选出地上部分碳储量最高，生物量最大的优良家系77-19和77-16，两个家系的平均地上部分碳储量为39.154 kg，比家系平均地上部分碳储量高出19.29%。
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