大别山区低山丘陵板栗林药套种对小气候和土壤性质的影响

摘要

以大别山区2种典型的板栗林药模式板栗-苍术和板栗-天麻为研究对象,测定比较板栗套种苍术和天麻对林地小气候和土壤理化性质的影响.结果表明,板栗林下套种苍术和天麻后10 cm地温降低,板栗-天麻10 cm地温显著低于板栗纯林;林下气温和气温日较差降低;林下湿度有所升高,板栗-天麻的大气湿度稳定地高于板栗纯林;土壤容重板栗-天麻＞板栗纯林＞板栗-苍术,最小持水量板栗-苍术＞板栗纯林＞板栗-天麻,板栗-苍术土壤全效氮、全效磷、全效钾、有效氮、有效磷和有机质增加,板栗-天麻土壤全效氮、全效钾、有效氮、有效磷、有效钾含量降低.与套种天麻相比,板栗林下套种苍术有较好的生态效益.板栗林下套种天麻时,建议避免连茬种植,及时施肥补充地力.%According to measuring the microclimate and soil property of two modes of chestnut-rhizoma atractylodis and chestnutgastrodia in Dabie mountain Area,the effect on ecology had been analyzed between these two modes.The results indicated that chestnut forest mainly affect ground temperature in the surface of 10 cm,the 10 cm ground temperature of chestnut-gastrodia has significantly lower than chestnut forest.The average diurnal range temperature and the average daily temperature in chestnut-rhizoma atractylodis and chestnut-gastrodia are lower than chestnut forest both,the atmospheric humidity of chestnut-gastrodia is steadily higher than chestnut forest.Soil bulk density:chestnut-gastrodia ＞ chestnut ＞ chestnut-rhizoma atractylodis,the smallest capacity:chestnut-rhizoma ＞ chestnut ＞ chestnut-gastrodia.Total N,total P,total K,available N,available P,organic matter had increased after interplanting rhizoma atractylodis;Total N,total K,available N,available P,available K,organic matter had reduced after interplanting gastrodia.It was concluded that chestnut-rhizoma atractylodis is a stable and sustainable forests economic model,and suggest avoiding successive planting,fertilizing timely in chestnut-gastrodia.