强降雨在滑坡发育中的关键控制机理及典型实例分析

摘要

By constructing a model of hydrodynamic effect, the dominant roles of rainfall are analyzed, and the conclusions of the key hydrodynamic mechanisms are concentrated on the heavy three changes of rainfall in the hydrostatic pressure of soil, dynamic water pressure and buoyancy.Furthermore, by case study on Liushuiwan landslide in Qianjiang of Chongqing, the key roles of heavy rain on stimulating the landslides are verified, which is divided into three stages: slope cutting, slide beginning and severe sliding.Finally, for expectation of providing a theoretical reference for the research on the formation mechanism of heavy rain landslide and its mitigation practices, strong rain after long drought is proposed as a key period of early warning of large scale landslides.%通过构建水动力作用模型,对降雨的激发控制作用进行分析,得出水动力控制机理的结论:强降雨控制滑坡发育,集中表现在改变土体的静水压力、动水压力与浮托力的作用三方面.选取重庆市黔江流水湾滑坡为典型实例,对强降雨的激发控制作用进行验证,强降雨的水动力作用过程分为坡体剪切、滑动开始、剧烈滑动三个不同阶段.最后,提出久旱过后强降雨是对大规模滑坡进行预警防控的关键时段,以期为暴雨滑坡形成机理研究和防灾减灾实践提供一定的理论借鉴.