应急避难所灾时运营中的灾民注册管理研究

摘要

After the disaster,emergency shelters are opened,a large number of disaster victims quickly enter into the emergency shelter.Registration is the basic means of effective management of emergency shelters.It is a systematic way to collect and record information about the disaster victims,the main purpose of registration is to determine the size of disaster victims needing to rescue and understand the characteristics of disaster victims.Registration is very essential for the identification of the disaster victim's identity,the distribution of relief materials and services,the identification of dangerous groups and special groups,and all kinds of the management of emergency shelters.In view of the current study situation of disaster victim's registration of emergency shelter is very weakness in our country,we put forward that the registration management of disaster victims in the operation of emergency shelter is mainly composed of three important components,i.e.registration,issuance document and renewal registration,and offer a few suggestions for each part.The aim of this article is beneficial to the management of emergency shelters.%灾难尤其是巨灾发生后,应急避难所开启,大量灾民迅速涌入应急避难所.注册是应急避难所实施有效管理的基本手段.它是一种系统收集并记录灾民信息的方法,主要目的是确定需要救助灾民的规模,了解灾民的特征.注册对于灾民身份的认定以及救助物资与服务的分发,危险群体和特需群体的识别,对于应急避难所里的各项管理工作都非常必要.针对目前我国学界对应急避难所灾民注册研究较薄弱的情况,提出了应急避难所灾时运营中灾民注册管理主要由注册、签发文件、更新注册三个重要的组成部分构成,并为每一部分提出了若干建议.以期对应急避难所管理工作有所裨益.