基于东日本9级大地震的案例,从灾害传导的视角出发解析次生灾害的传导过程,从自然路径与社会路径两个方面分析次生灾害传导的主要路径,其中自然路径包括地质地形路径、自然风向路径、季节性洋流路径、动物迁徙路径;社会路径包括“鸵鸟政府”传导路径、社交媒体及网络舆论传导路径、跨国贸易传导路径.进而从源头、载体、路径、承灾体四个层面提出可供政府借鉴的应对次生灾害的管理优化措施,包括降低次生灾害发生概率、降低载体承载能力、斩断传导路径以及提高承灾体承受能力.%Based on the case of the Great East Japan Earthquake,this paper analyzes the conduction process from the perspective of conducting secondary disasters,as well as analyzes the main path of secondary disaster conduction from two aspects:natural path and social path,the natural path includes geological characteristics,wind direction,ocean currents and animal migration,while the social path includes the ineffective government's emergency response mechanism,media influence on public opinion and the transnational trade.And then put forward disaster management optimization measures from the aspects of source,carrier,path and hazard-affected body,including reducing the occurrence of secondary disasters,reducing the bearing capacity of carrier,cut off the conduction path and improve the bearing capacity of hazard-affected body.
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