妊娠糖尿病妇女和正常妊娠妇女人体成分的比较

摘要

Objective To analyze the difference of body composition between gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM) and health pregnant at 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation.Methods Samples of 43 GDM women and 42 health pregnant women were collected as two groups, who have been registered in the medical documentation in Tongren Hospital during October 2013 to April 2014.Data such as weight, height and body mass index( BMI) in progestation,and the weight, body moisture, muscle mass, body fat mass and body fat rate during 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation were collected and analyzed.Results There was no significant difference ( P>0.05 ) between two groups in pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, BMI during 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation and BMI increased value.Compared to health group, the body moisture, muscle mass, body fat mass and body fat rate data of GDM group during 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation was significantly higher( P<0.05).Conclusion GDM women’s body fat rate, body moisture were significantly higher than health women, which indicates that rigorous control of fat increase will help to prevent GDM occurrence.The monitoring of body composition change, especially the body moisture change, may help to diagnose pregnancy complication in early stage.%目的：比较孕24～28周被诊断为妊娠期糖尿病（ gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）及正常妊娠妇女的人体成分差异。方法选择2013年10月至2014年4月在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院建档的孕妇作为两组研究对象，其中正常妊娠妇女42例，因GDM在营养门诊就诊的妇女43例，分别于妊娠24～28周调查孕前体质量、身高、计算孕前体质量指数（ body mass index，BMI），测量体质量、总体水分质量、肌肉质量、体脂肪质量、体脂百分率等指标进行统计分析。结果两组妊娠妇女间的孕前体质量、BMI、孕24～28周的BMI、BMI增加值差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05），GDM妇女孕24～28周的总体水分质量、肌肉质量、体脂肪质量、体脂百分率均显著高于正常妊娠妇女（P＜0．05）。结论妊娠期糖尿病妇女的体脂率、总体水分质量显著高于正常妊娠妇女，控制孕期体脂肪增长可能有助于预防妊娠期糖尿病。监测体成分变化，尤其关注总体水分质量的变化可能有助于临床早期诊断妊娠期合并症。