糖调节异常与听力损害

摘要

The incidence of hearing impairment has been increasing significantly in recent years.Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an increased risk for sensorineural hearing loss in patients with diabetes.The common features of hearing impairment are bilateral sensorineural hearing loss on high-frequency.The pathogenesis is still unconfirmed.Many studies have shown that hearing dysfunction may have a relationship with the diabetic microangiopathy and neuropathy. Pure tone audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response are often used to evaluate the function of hearing.Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) is a stage which we call pre-diabetes.People with pre-diabetes often have the microangiopathy and neuropathy.Diabetic microangiopathy and neuropathy.which can damage the inner ear nerve and the microvessel nourishing the nerve to some extent.Both of them may be the causes of hearing impairment.%听力损失发病率逐年升高，其中糖尿病引起的听力损失日益得到关注，主要表现为双侧对称性感音神经性聋，以高频听力下降为主。发病机制尚有待于进一步研究，目前主要认为与糖尿病微血管病变、糖尿病周围神经病变有关。临床中多应用纯音测听、畸变产物耳声发射、听性脑干反应等对听力损失特点、程度及受损部位进行评估。糖调节异常作为糖尿病前期阶段，已出现微血管病变及神经病变，使得内耳神经及滋养神经的微血管受累，最终导致听力减退，现结合国内外文献对糖调节异常与听力损害予以综述。