广东省农林重要外来有害昆虫的入侵现状及地理分布格局

摘要

【背景】广东省是中国外来物种入侵最严重的地区之一，入侵昆虫引发的生物灾害日趋严重。【方法】根据广东省各地区的野外调查结果及国内外的相关文献，汇总分析了广东省外来入侵昆虫的种类、原产地、入侵地、地理分布格局。【结果】据统计，在广东省造成一定程度危害的外来入侵昆虫种类共计30种，以蚧类最多，占30.00％；在广东省的外来入侵昆虫中，原产于亚洲的种类最多，为12种，占40.00％，其中东盟8种，北美洲、南美洲各占20.00％、16.67％，从非洲、欧洲和大洋洲传入的分别占10.00％、3.33％和3.33％；外来入侵昆虫的首次发现地位于广东省的有17种，占56.67％，且全部位于珠三角地区，海南省的占20.00％，云南省的占10.00％，出现在广西壮族自治区、北京市、上海市的均为3.33％；广东省外来入侵昆虫的地理分布存在较大的空间差异，珠三角地区外来入侵昆虫物种数量较多，粤西地区相对次之，粤北和粤东地区相对较少。【结论与意义】明确广东省外来有害昆虫的入侵现状及地理分布格局，可为广东省外来入侵昆虫的监测和防控提供科学依据。%[Background] Guangdong Province is highly affected by alien insect invasion. This biological disaster is becoming in-creasingly serious in China. [Method] Species, origin, first detection locations, and geographic distribution patterns of alien inva-sive insects in Guangdong Province were summarized and analyzed through field surveys and literature review.[Result] According to the statistics, a total of 30 alien invasive insect species causing some damage were found in Guangdong Province. Scale insects ac-counting for 30.00% represented the largest proportion of invasive insect species. Of the alien invasive insects in Guangdong Prov-ince, 40.00% originated from Asia, of which 8 species were from ASEAN. There were 20.00% coming from North America, 16.67%from South America, 10.00% from Africa, and only 3.33% from Europe and Oceania. Most alien invasive insects (56.67%) were first found in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province, 20.00% in Hainan Province, 10.00% in Yunnan Province, and only 3.33% in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Beijing City and Shanghai City. The geographic distribution patterns in Guangdong Province significantly varied among alien invasive insects. Most of alien invasive insects were observed in the Pearl River Delta, fol-lowed by the western Guangdong Province. The least numbers of alien invasive insect were observed in northern and eastern Guang-dong Province. [Conclusion and significance] The current status and geographic distribution patterns of alien invasive insects in Guangdong Province support the need for monitoring and control strategies.