杀虫剂对螺旋粉虱毒力的生物测定方法

摘要

【背景】螺旋粉虱是近年来新入侵中国海南的一种危险性害虫,化学防治是目前其最主要的防治手段和应急措施,但其毒力测定及抗药性监测方法还不明确。以3种不同类型常用杀虫剂为例,探讨了2种毒力测定方法、不同饲养寄主及成虫日龄对螺旋粉虱毒力测定的影响。【方法】对叶片浸渍法和POTTER喷雾法2种毒力测定方法进行比较；以大叶榄仁叶、羊蹄甲叶和印度紫檀叶3种叶片为供试寄主,测定其对螺旋粉虱毒力测定的影响；采用POTTER喷雾法分别测定螺旋粉虱同一种群不同日龄成虫及混合日龄成虫的毒力。【结果】成虫浸叶法不能求出毒力回归方程,POTTER喷雾法能够反映剂量—死亡率关系。经POTTER喷雾法毒力测定,印度紫檀叶片为试材不能获得毒力回归曲线,大叶榄仁和羊蹄甲叶片测得毒力结果一致,供试不同日龄和自然混合日龄成虫不影响毒力测定结果。【结论与意义】POTTER喷雾法是螺旋粉虱成虫最适合的生物测定方法,大叶榄仁和羊蹄甲叶片可作为螺旋粉虱毒力测定的饲养寄主,可采用螺旋粉虱自然混合日龄成虫直接进行抗性监测。试验结果为正确评价杀虫剂对螺旋粉虱的室内毒力及开展田间抗药性监测提供了依据。%[Background] The spiraling whitefly ( Aleurodicus dispersus Russell) is a destructive invasive species and was first found in Hainan, China, in 2006. As a new quarantine pest, chemical control was usually considered the most effective measure to depress and eradicate the field population with its high efficacy and quick action, whereas, the bioassay method for testing the toxicity of in-secticides to A. disperses was not clear. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of two different bioassay methods to test the toxicity of A. dispersus on three hosts. [Method] Two bioassay methods, leaf-dipping and Petri Dish residue-Potter tower, were used to eval-uate the toxicity of A. dispersus adults exposed to three insecticides and reared on Terminalia catappa L., Bauhinia blakeana Dunn and Pterocarpus indicus Wild. The influence of age of adults A. disperses on toxicity was also evaluated using Petri Dish residue-Potter bioassay.[Result] The results showed that the leaf-dipping bioassay could not calculate the linear regression equation, while the Pe-tri Dish-Potter bioassay could. The results also showed that the P. indicus leaves could not be used as rearing host in bioassay of A. disperses. LC50 values did not significantly differ among ages of A. disperses adults. [Conclusion and significance] Petri Dish residue-Potter bioassay is the most suitable for toxicity testing of adults A. disperses. T. catappa and B. blakeana leaves are suitable for rea-ring adults A. disperses in bioassay. Insecticide resistance monitoring of A. disperses can be done using natural populations of adults of mixed ages. The study served as a basis to develop the basis for insecticide resistance monitoring.