土壤甲烷氧化菌群落结构研究进展

摘要

CH4气体具有极强的红外线吸收能力,单分子CH4造成的增温效应可以达到单分子 CO2的15~30倍,更是远远高于其他温室气体.地表甲烷氧化和释放对整个生态系统的物质循环和动态平衡意义重大,近年来科学家围绕土壤甲烷氧化细菌做了大量研究工作,取得进展的同时也存在诸多问题.以甲烷氧化菌为出发点,总结目前国内外关于土壤甲烷氧化的研究进展,重点介绍了甲烷氧化菌群落结构研究的各种分子生物学方法,旨在推进对土壤氧化甲烷菌作用机制的研究,完善引起温室效应的生物学因素,为进一步对地表土壤甲烷通量的分析和研究提供理论依据.%Methane , one of the greenhouse gases, has a strong ability in absorbing infrared radiation and its warming potential of single molecule is 15 -30times higher than CO 2 .Soil methane absorption plays the significant role in the carbon and nitrogen cycle in ecosystem and carbon balance.In recent years , scientists have done a lot of researches on soil methanotrophic bacterias , and there are a lso many problems at the same time.This article starts with the methanotrophic microorganisms and summarizes the research advance in soil methane oxidation domestically and internationally .The various molecular biology methods used in methane oxidative bacteria com -munity structure were introduced.It aims to synthesize the research advance in soil methane oxidation and the influence mechanism at home and abroad, which provides theoretical reasons to recognize the role of soil methanotrophic bacterias in global climate change and a theoretical guidance for carrying out the research of surficial methane flux .