司马迁与孙子学

摘要

司马迁基于探究战争的历史作用、重视将帅的个人品格等原因，最早为孙武立传。《史记·孙子列传》叙述了孙武的生平事迹，记载了《孙子兵法》的成书和篇幅，银雀山汉简的发现，充分证明了《史记》记述的正确性。司马迁借用孙子思想评价白起、张良、韩信等军事人物，比较分析一些重大战例。司马迁的这些记述与对孙子思想的运用，使之成为孙子学研究第一人，奠定了孙子学的基础，也为中国兵学研究做出了贡献。%Based on exploring the historical role of wars and attaching importance to the commanders＇ individual characters, Sirna Qian was the first person to compile biography for Sun Tzu. The life story of Sun Tzu was illustrated and the completion and the chapters of TheArt of War was recorded in Sun Tzu＇s Biography in Shih Chi. The bamboo slips of Han Dynasty unearthed in Yinque Mountain fully improved the correctness of the records in Shih Chi. Sima Qian employed Sun Tzu ＇ s thought to evaluate the military strategists, such as Bai Qi, Zhang Liang and Han Xin,etc. ,and contrasted and analyzed some significant battles. Sima Qian＇s records and the employment of Sun Tzu ＇ s thought made himself to be the first to study Sun Tzu ＇ s science, laid the foundation for Sun Tzu ＇ s science and made contribution to the research into Chinese military science.