ELISA法与TPPA法检测梅毒螺旋体抗体的相关性研究

摘要

Objective:To investigate the relativity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and treponema pallidum antibody gelatin particle agglutination test( TPPA) in detection of syphilis. Methods:Treponema pallidum antibodies in the serum were detected by ELISA,and a total of 207 positive samples and 50 negative samples were collected;then the collected samples were confirmed by TPPA test. According to the s/co value,the patients were divided into four groups and the positive rate of each group was analyzed by TPPA method. Results:The treponema pallidum antibody in the sera of 50 patients with s/co value<1 by ELISA were all negative when detected by TPPA;the positive rates of the serum treponema pallidum antibody in patients with s/co value of 1 to 3. 99,4 to 9. 99 and≥10 by ELISA were 88. 7%,98. 6% and 100. 0%,respectively. The positive rate of treponema pallidum antibody by TPPA test increased with the s/co value by ELISA method(P <0. 01). Conclusions:ELISA is a highly sensitive and automated method in detection of syphilis, which is suitable for clinical routine screening of a large number of specimens. Test by ELISA and TPPA is recommended when s/co value is between 1 and 9. 99 in syphilis detection by ELISA to reduce the false positive possibility and provide more accurate laboratory evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.%目的：探讨酶联免疫吸附试验( ELISA)与梅毒螺旋体抗体明胶颗粒凝集试验( TPPA)对梅毒螺旋体抗体检测的相关性。方法：采用ELISA法对患者血清进行梅毒螺旋体抗体检测，收集阳性血清标本207例，阴性标本50例，使用TPPA法进行确认；根据测定的s/co值将患者分为4组，分析各组TPPA的阳性率。结果：50份ELISA测定值s/co<1的样本经TPPA检测均为阴性；62份ELISA测定值s/co为1~3.99的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为88.7%；80份ELISA测定值s/co为4~9.99的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为98.6%；65份ELISA测定值s/co≥10的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为100.0%。 TPPA检测梅毒螺旋体抗体的阳性率均随着ELISA法s/co值的升高而升高(P<0.01)。结论：ELISA检测梅毒具有高度的敏感性，自动化程度高，适合大批量标本的常规筛查，但对测定值s/co在1~9.99的样本应采用TPPA联合检测，以便尽可能减少假阳性，给临床对梅毒的诊断和治疗提供可靠实验室证据。