非糖尿病性巨大胎儿的相关性分析

摘要

Objective:To analyze the clinical related factors of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia, and explore its correlation with prepregnancy body mass index(BMI)and weight gain during pregnancy. Methods:Three hundred and twenty-two non-diabetic fetal macrosomia with gestational age from 37 weeks to 42 weeks and 325 normal fetus were divided into the experimental group and control group from 2005 to 2012,respectively. The age,calving parity,height,gestational week,weight gain during pregnancy,prepregnancy and intrapartum BMI,fundal height and abdominal circumference of new mother,and fetal biparietal diameter and femur length between two groups were compared. Results:The weight gain during pregnancy, prepregnancy and intrapartum BMI, fundal height, abdominal circumference,fundal height plus abdominal perimeter and gestational week of new mother, and the fetal biparietal diameter, femur length,fetal biparietal diameter plus femur length and height in experimental group were more than those in control group(P<0. 01). The correlation analysis showed that the fetal biparietal diameter, fetal biparietal diameter plus femur length and weight gain during pregnancy were positive correlation with macrosomia(P <0. 05 to P <0. 01). Conclusions:The incidence of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia is closely related to the excessively gestational weight gain. The measure of fetal biparietal diameter plus femur length in excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy can improve the prenatal diagnosis of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia.%目的：：分析非糖尿病性巨大胎儿临床相关因素，探讨孕前体质量指数( BMI)、孕期增重与非糖尿病巨大胎儿的关系。方法：选择2005~2012年足月(孕周≥37周~42周)出生的非糖尿病性巨大胎儿322例，同时随机选择同期出生的足月正常体质量儿325名作为对照，分析比较2组新生儿母亲的年龄、产次、身高、孕周、孕期增重、孕前及产时BMI、宫高、腹围及胎儿的双顶径、股骨长等。结果：非糖尿病性巨大胎儿母亲的孕前BMI、孕期增重、产时BMI、宫高、腹围、宫高+腹围、孕龄和身高及胎儿双顶径、股骨长、双顶径+股骨长均高于对照组(P<0.01)。相关分析显示，胎儿双顶径、双顶径+股骨长、股骨长及胎儿母亲孕期增重与巨大胎儿体质量呈正相关关系(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论：非糖尿病性巨大胎儿的发生与母亲孕期体质量增长过多密切相关。对于孕期增重过多的孕妇，通过胎儿双顶径+股骨长测定，能够提高非糖尿病性巨大胎儿的产前诊断率。