大学生营养知识、态度、行为调查及膳食状况评价

摘要

Objective:To explore the nutritional knowledge-attitude-practice ( KAP ) status and dietary structure among college students for improvement of their nutritional health. Methods:Self-designed questionnaires were distributed to 1 373 college students which were selected by cluster sampling from Bengbu Medical College randomly to investigate their nutritional KAP status. Results:There were significant differences between students with different nutritional KAP scores in age,sex,grade,monthly food consumption and body mass index(BMI)(P <0. 05 to P <0. 01). There were significant differences between students with different nutritional knowledge scores in age,sex,grade and area(P<0. 01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the scores of nutritional KAP were related to sex and grade(P<0. 01),excluding the confounding factors,the results showed that nutritional KAP scores of girls and high grade′s students were 1. 882 and 2. 402 times of boys and low grade′s students. Conclusions:Students in our school have low knowledge of nutritional information,especially the source and role of some common nutrients. But most of them have the active attitude,so the effective nutritional education should be performed to improve their nutritional level, then to improve the physical and mental development in college students.%目的：：了解大学生的营养知识、态度、行为( KAP)状况及膳食结构，为提高其营养健康水平提供科学依据。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，抽取蚌埠医学院在校大学生1373人，应用自行设计的调查问卷对大学生进行营养KAP调查。结果：不同营养KAP得分等级大学生年龄、性别、年级、月饮食支出和体质量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。不同营养知识得分等级大学生年龄、性别、年级和生源地差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。非条件logistic回归分析显示，营养KAP得分在性别和年级间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)，排除混杂因素后，女生和高年级的营养KAP得分分别为男生和低年级的1.882和2.402倍。结论：蚌埠医学院学生目前营养知识掌握水平较差，对一些常见营养素的来源及作用认识不足，但均有积极的态度。应在学校内开展有效的营养教育来提高大学生的营养水平，促进大学生身心健康全面发展。