医学生对安乐死的认知和态度调查

摘要

Objective:To investigate the cognition and attitude of medical students to euthanasia,analyze the possible influencing factors,and provide reference for nursing ethics education.Methods:The cognition and attitude toward euthanasia of 526 undergraduates from a medical college were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire.Results:Among the 526 respondents,the awareness rate of euthanasia was 63.9%,and the respondents had a limited understanding on euthanasia.94.3% of the respondents believed that the life right belonged to the individual,while the right of deciding own life and death in respondents was uncertain.Respondents acknowledged that the euthanasia was a cross-disciplinary and controversial tissue,63.9% of the respondents approved euthanasia,and 63.5% of the respondents thought that the legislation of euthanasia in China was very necessary.58.7% of the respondents thought that choosing euthanasia depended on the specific conditions,64.6% of the respondents would not initiatively recommend their relatives to choose euthanasia,but they supported their decision.Conclusions:Most respondents have some understanding for euthanasia,and the cognition on the death and euthanasia in medical students is limited because of the influence of traditional ideas.The attitude on euthanasia of respondents is rigorous.It is necessary to strengthen the ethical and death education among the medical students,and rightly guide students to understand death and euthanasia.%目的:调查医学生对安乐死的认知和态度,并分析可能的影响因素,为医学伦理教育提供参考依据.方法:采用自行设计的问卷对某医学院校526名本科生进行关于安乐死认知和态度方面的调查.结果:526名被调查者中,安乐死知晓率为63.9%,被调查者表示对安乐死有所了解,但了解的内容和范围有限,94.3%的被调查者认为生命权属于个人,但对于个人是否有权利决定自己生死则表现得较为矛盾.被调查者均承认安乐死属于跨学科、跨领域的争议性问题,63.9%赞成安乐死,63.5%表示安乐死在我国立法是非常必要的.58.7%表示在本人面临是否选择安乐死时要视具体情况而定,64.6%的被调查者在面对亲人选择安乐死时表示不会主动建议,但会支持其决定.结论:多数调查者对安乐死有一定的了解,但是受我国传统思想观念的影响,医学生对于死亡和安乐死的认识有限,被调查者对实施安乐死态度较为严谨,应加强医学生伦理教育和死亡教育,正确引导医学生认识死亡,正确看待安乐死.